There are a lot of mini PCs these days that use laptop parts. But these are pretty much pre built and all you can change is RAM and storage. Building a pc from laptop parts doesn't really make sense, though, unless you want to hack something together from used parts.

A lot of desktop motherboards have a slot for a M.2 WiFi card like that AX200. Usually though they already come with a card anyway. You can often also use the same ssd/HDDs going from laptop to desktop. CPU, RAM, and GPUs are different sizes and connectors though, and won't be transferrable.

Main thing for choosing a mac is the personal preference for the OS / interface. Its not totally better than Windows, there's pros and cons. You have to really want it to pay for the overpriced hardware. Even second hand they retain a lot resale value.

If a MAC is going to do everything you need it's not a bad choice. As for a PC if you want a desktop it won't be using laptop parts. Some parts can be the same between laptops and desktops like storage and Wifi cards, but you will still want to verify. If you want to learn about building a desktop PC start by making a build on PCPartPicker. Then bring post the build to get additional feedback. If you just want a working machine check out pre-built options.

Imo it only makes sense when you have a laptop with a broken screen that's in working condition otherwise, on the other side people buy framework laptop insides and put them in custom cases like the Cooler Master one, there are also PC motherboards with laptop chips, like Miniforum's bd770i which fit perfectly in a PC case and support normal PC parts like GPU etc