I knew I'd seen something like this, and was very happy to find this in my notes from a few years ago: https://devchallenges.io/
There are a few full-stack 'challenges', ultimately building up to a twitter and then trello clone. Maybe it's the kind of thing you're looking for? I'm not sure if the submit + review portion of the site is still a thing, but w/e, you can still take the ideas and build your own thing.
Here's a quick article on it from the creator: https://dev.to/nghiemthu/8-projects-with-modern-designs-to-become-a-full-stack-master-2020-14j9
One thought I had when looking through these is that keeping the project small (e.g. an image uploader that adds a filter and renders it) might be preferrable to an otherwise larger/never-ending project. OR you could do more design work for a larger site if that's the part of software you want to practice.
You might also look into coding 'kata' or something like advent of code, tho that's definitely a different direction and lower-level scope.
Building stuff is fun! Good luck with it!