Afaik, no. You can run winecfg and map locations to drive letters, but I dont think this allows any raw access to the disk. There have been some clever workarounds for windows tools using libusb, and letting them run under linux using your native https://github.com/stanson-ch/libusb-wine.

What are you trying to do? Unless you're writing a really esoteric filesystem there is probably a way to do this natively under linux.