The pattern of using managed repositories instead of downloading random shit off the internet prevents a lot of it outright.

Yup, and much of stuff is just common apps. A browser based exploit may not care which OS you're running Firefox/Chrome under (or Edge, I suppose if you're one of the dozen running that in Linux). The log4j vulnerability was first seen in Minecraft hosts and clients, and that equally affects those running on Linux. Steam has also had vulnerabilities in the past, as have various document editors.

That said, I really can't say there's any consumer-level antivirus that I'd trust to be effective on my desktop (especially without impacting performance) even on Windows, let alone Linux. If you really know what your box is doing and it doesn't change much you might consider SELinux rules etc, but those are a significant amount of work even for servers (which tend to behave more predictably).

Not using software from untrustworthy sources or visiting sketchy sites, plus some monitoring of your network traffic may be a more effective solution.