Yes, it does. There are many episodes where the Enterprise crew are observing a less advanced race. It is the reason they have the Prime Directive in the first place.

Enterprise isn't exactly a representative sampling of star trek.

In TNG the only reoccurring villains that are more advanced than humans are the Q and the Borg. The iconians were super advanced, but are long dead. There are random space babies/sentient nebulas but most species are behind the federation in tech. Even the romulans aren't more advanced, just focused on war.

If you ever wonder how advanced humanity is in star trek, remember that Q is a reoccurring villain. Q has complete control of space, time and reality. The federation is so advanced God is an antagonist.

In Enterprise definitely, but even then the crew would occasionally come across a "lesser" species and then debate about what to do about them.

In TNG era shows most of the other species encountered were portrayed as equal or lesser to humans/federation. Voyager plays with this a little bit since that crew of mostly humans, while almost always more advanced than the people they encounter, they are a lone federation ship with zero support, which knocks down their capabilities a bit.

There's a great throwaway line by Seven of Nine in voyager where the kazon weren't even worth the Borg's time to assimilate, but they were the main antagonist to Voyager those first few seasons because there were so many of them

Baring most of new trek, all of the species rock and suck in their own ways. Humans are extremely powerful in their own ways. So while they might not be the Mary sues of the universe they certainly aren't light-years behind their opponents. If anything the federation, led by humanity, are in the position they are in due to the technology