I'm trying to update my grub boot order back to booting the first option instead of the second, so I run sudo nano /etc/default/grub, but it brings up this, which is not the file I want to edit.
I'm on fedora 38
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That looks like the grub file that's put in /boot to make the menu to boot the system.
Are you sure you've never run "grub2-mkconfig -o /etc/default/grub"? Because making the grub file you may have overwritten the config file.
By the look of things I would reinstall grub with my package manager to forcing to overrun config files. Keep in mind this would return the file to your distribution defaults.