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But there are more numbers between 0 and 1 then there are whole numbers. So are the countable many angles or uncountably many?

'I never thought leopards would eat MY face,' sobs woman who voted for the Leopards Eating People's Faces Party. - Adrian Bott

Any service you use passkeys with instead of passwords won’t put you in another leaked password database. The public key just needs to be invalidated and you can move on with your life.

Does it though? Is there anything wrong with your public key being, um public? All they can do with it is verify who you are, (or technically encrypt things that only you can read - not that pass keys are used in this way?).

Passwords can be secure when the end user picks a strong one. But that is the biggest problem with them, the end user. They don't pick good passwords and decades have shown us the general public are bad at passwords.

Passkeys are not biometrics. They are much simpler. In a very simple way you can think of them as a secure long random password that is stored on you device, generated per device, and not sent over the wire to the other side (so more like public/private key cryptography I believe).

The passkey on your device can be stored in an encrypted vault or even secure hardware that requires a pin/password or key to unlock.

They are not getting rid of multifactor codes and can be used with them. But by protecting them locally you can still have 2 factors to access them - the hardware/vault that contains them and the pin/password/biometric that unlocks the vault. And that is in addition to server side multifactor systems.

But even without all that you still gain massive benefits over passwords as it stops cross site comprises when one sites gets their password database leaked. Or brute forcing access to systems by guessing weak passwords that most people use.

You should have a live USB of the distro you want to use and ensure you have backups of all the data you care about. Then the easiest/quickest/least error prone way is to just wipe the whole drive and reinstall the distro from the live USB. They typically have an option to wipe and install things from an empty drive. Then just restore your data from your backups.

You could also, after creating backups, from a live USB environment delete the windows partitions and resize the linux ones - being careful not to delete the EFI partition as that is where the boot loader lives. You can optionally delete the windows boot loader from the EFI partition as well. If done right you should still be able to boot into your linux system afterwards though when missing with partitions like this, especially when you don't know what you are doing, it can be easy to break the boot systems. These can be fixed from a live environment and there are many guides out there on how to do that.

You can always just reinstall the system again if you mess things up and cannot figure out how to fix them - so always prep for that case by backing up everything you care about first.

I don’t have a second internal drive, so I’ll probably use an external hard drive or cloud storage.

Best to get both. Two copies of the data is better then one. Ideally have three. One being remote is also a plus as that will protect you in case your house burns down or something else drastic.

1.What’s the best way to back up and restore my data safely while preserving all metadata?

There is no real best way. Loads of things can be used to achieve the same purpose. But there are two main end goals: either copy/sync the data with a tool that can preserve timestamps or use a tool that can archive the data into a single file (that can optionally be compressed - like zip). Or for cloud providers they typically have their own tools that can do the syncing for you and will typically preserve timestamps by default. Just find one with a sync tool that also works on Linux.

There are loads of backup tools for windows that can do these things - though you should use one that does not use its own propriety format but instead something more open that can be read from the Linux side. I don't use windows these days so cannot advice on what the best tools here are.

Otherwise you can do this from a Linux Live USB using Linux based tools. If you are fine with the CLI then a simple way is to just mount the drives and use the rsync cli utility to sync the data you want across. rsync also lets you cancel and resume the sync which can be handy for larger directories. Or use the archiving tool tar to create a archive of the data on the other drive (this can be optionally compress). You should be able to use the filemanager to create archives as well which might make things a bit easier and should preserve timestamps - but just copying the data in a filemanager I don't think tends to preserve timestamps though so best to use the CLI for that or a dedicated tool.

What ever you decide to do test it on a small folder first and see if it does what you expect/want it to before committing to copying large amounts of data.

3.How can I access or use files that are only supported by Windows once I’ve switched to Linux? Are there workarounds or compatibility layers?

This depends on the file formats you care about. Some things are already supported by native Linux programs, others are not. Some windows only programs can work in compatibility tools like WINE - but I would only do that as a last resort. Personally I would figure this out before you reinstall your system. Start by finding Linux friendly programs for the files you need to use and see if they work with the files you want - if not try converting them before switching. Most Linux programs can also run on Windows so it is best to find these alternative and test them out before wiping your windows install. You can also boot up a Live USB and check things that way before committing to a install and wiping your system.

You can also (in addition to backing things up properly) buy a new SSD for your laptop and swap them around - keeping the original install in place in case there is something you forgot or need to switch back to access some old program you didn't think about.

Some people might dismiss Rust as being “unelegant” or “ugly”, but the verbosity actually serves a good purpose and is immensely helpful for building large-scale applications:

Here rust is trying to be unambiguous by forcing you to write just enough context when needed. It is not unnecessarily verbose at all and is not trying to be absolutely explicit about everything. When there could be more ambiguity, rust errs on the side of being more explicit which increases the verbosity. But when it is less ambiguous then it favors being less explicit. Hence why you can omit types and lifetimes in most situations but require them when it is not obvious what they should be.

That is a rate limit. That user was probably abusing something and trying to scrape github and got hit by a rate limit. Or someone in their house/flat/building did. There is just not enough in that post to tell what the hell is going on and it is far too early to jump to the concluding that github has done something wrong here.

They might have lowered the rate limits, they might not have. I doubt the lowered it to 3. Something else is very likely going on. We have to stop jumping to the worst conclusion anytime anything happens and imminently knee jerk reacting to that idea. We can wait for more information to come through and see what the actual issue is before assuming the worst.

Look at all this stuff we need to do to track one one specific type of memory leak on one platform with a specific compiler! Yeah so much better then having things mostly work out the box so you don't have to worry that much about it. Besides, rust does not actually guarantee no memory leaks. Leaking memory is not considered unsafe at all as it is very hard to systematically prevent. But it does make accidentally doing a memory leak harder when not doing weird things. But really memory leaking is not the major concern rust developers have with C++ - it is all the other actually unsafe memory stuff you need to worry about which this video does not even start to touch on.

And that is the big problem I and so many have with C/C++. Technically every problem that rust tries to solve and be solved in C/C++ without the borrow checker or other help the compiler gives you. But it is up to you to know all these tricks to finding the problems. It is up to you to actively look for them. It is up to you to know about them all and all the possibly foot guns you need to avoid. It is just nicer if the compiler actually helps you and works with you rather then letting you stumble around trying not to set off any landmines of manually managing memory.

On its own this is an interesting trick to find leaking memory in C++ (on windows with the windows compiler). It did not need to drag rust into the video and seemingly trys to claim that all the help the rust compiler gives you is pointless as you can manually and with a lot more effort find solutions to the same problems in C++...

That is just double speak for it will adversely affect our bottom line so we don't want to do it.

Just? This is a link to the last page of the benchmarks. The other pages have other workloads on them - quite a lot of DB benchmarks though.

Probably also forgot to pay the bribe.