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Fraudster hacked hotel system, paid 1 cent for luxury rooms, Spanish cops say
(www.theregister.com)
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Define, "hacked." I ask because there's degrees to this sort of thing.
Example 1: Hacker finds SQL injection vulnerability and uses it to change his bill after booking.
Example 2: "Hacker" changes the HTML form that submits his booking by changing a read-only value to read-write and adjusts the price to $1.
The first one is actual hacking. The second? Come on! In that case the hotel accepted the booking with the reduced price. That's not really hacking, that's just a comedy of errors in judgement on behalf of the hotel.
The second example is like changing the price tag on something in a store to $0.01 and then having the clerk look at it and say, "well, that seems low but the price that says one cent, so..." 🤷
Your example 2 is just describing improper input validation/bad logic. Which... Is still hacking. It's just a different category of vulnerability and difficulty (though slamming a SQL inject in every input field you can't find isn't the most complex either).
Example 3: guy finds admin panel with default password - still hacking Example 4: guy finds improperly secured admin endpoints in booking software - also hacking Example 5: booking server wasn't updated in 2 years and hacker uses a PoC exploit he pulled from somewhere to hack it - yup also hacking Etc
All those are wildly different ways of achieving the end result but they all share two things: 1. They're hacking 2. They're illegal to use for anything other than responsible disclosure