There are lots of books like that. Time-Life, Popular Mechanics and the "For Dummies" series all have books that cover various handyman tasks. None of them cover everything, but they are a good way to learn the basics. There are books on decks, fences, woodworking, appliance repair and home wiring to name just a few.
Be warned: going down this path can lead to the expensive hobby of tool collecting. It is a disease that afflicts many of us and there is no known cure. In my teens I had a Crescent wrench, a couple of screwdrivers, and a hammer. Then I bought a drill... Three decades later, I now have multiple power tools of various shapes and sizes along with bits, blades, and disks to use with each of them. I also have large and small tool boxes to hold and carry them in.

iFixit is a great place for electronics!

There are a wealth of bicycle repair manuals. The ones from the 1960s that I have are remarkably well illustrated.

Home Depot used to sell "Home Owner's Bible" manuals with general knowledge for testing and repairing things around the house.

start by learning how to repair something you need to rn.

a general sense of 'i could try this' followed by success on new stuff comes naturally with experience

Hit your local library, look for DVDs from The Teaching Company, pretty sure I've seen ones on Home Repair and other skills.