I snapped a photo of the damaged today if you're still interested:

Looks like it also wore into the PTFE tube below it so I'll probably need to replace that as well. I dealt with a similar issue previously with the tension lever (a metal one at that!) wearing out and pinching the filament as it was fed through it.

I don't have a photo of it but I can get one when I tear it apart again in anticipation for the replacement. Basically the hole in the top is now an oval instead of a circle from the filament grinding away the material by rubbing against the edge.

As far as restarting, I had to modify my homing location to be in the corner of the bed instead of the center (be mindful of the x-axis bar when homing the Y axis so you don't crash the print into it), modifying the "Start Print" gcode to exclude the nozzle purge, moving the extruder manually to where it touches the top layer of the failed print and recording the Z height, then finding that Z height in the parts gcode and deleting every layer before that.

I followed this guide to get help with setting up the gcode correctly. Make sure you follow all the steps as I kinda jumped ahead and wound up getting a bunch of errors at the start. https://www.3dplatform.com/Blog/2018/July/3D-Printing-Tech-Tips-Recover-a-Failed-Print

Also this will probably leave a visible scar on that layer so keep that in mind if the piece will be displayed without any post processing (sanding, paint, etc). I'm printing a helmet that will be covered with body filler and paint so it's not really a big deal.

If you're having issues after a pause, try pushing the filament into the extruder manually to get it to start feeding itself and be sure to pull that extruded bit away from the nozzle before it reaches the print or it'll cause issues.