oyfrog

I think the 9/11 attacks would've happened regardless.

Somewhat related—oldies stations are like this, except with "new" songs entering the rotation periodically. Of course, when the end of the year rolls around they play the "Top 100 songs of the year" which are essentially the same set of songs in a haphazard order.

I didn't mind it so much because it was much better than listening to the low hum of showcase coolers of a mom-and-pop grocery store. However, it was pretty jarring when I heard them play a song I distinctly remember hearing on the radio as a kid riding in the back of the van getting dropped off for 1st grade (or some such young age)

Maybe it's haunted by a drunk cow?

I'm a fan of 'your inner fish' by Neil Shubin. Slightly dated, but the information is still good.

Yeah, it's generally between Science and Nature in terms of greatest publication prestige. Most scientists work their butts off to get their works published in either of those, only to get their work desk-rejected and ultimately published in "less prestigious", field-specific journals.

That's not to say the Science and Nature are the end all be all of scientific journals; there are many journals specific to each field that is also prestigious.

Many biologists (myself included) don't anthropomorphize animals because it's impossible to objectively quantify things like "culture". So, my opinion is that some fish change sex, and not their gender (because fish don't have genders, which are human social constructs).

Happy to be corrected if I'm off-base. I'm not an ichthyologist.

Looks like a side blotched lizard (Uta stansburiana) to me.

The Midas' touch of Sally shit fingers

All of Francoise Hardy's album Soleil. Absolutely lovely singing voice.

Only in Payne County.

A few points worth clarifying:

As another user pointed out, pseudoscientific journals and predatory journals aren't the same. As you pointed out, pseudoscientific journals are generally easy to identify because they have a very clearly stated agenda typically. This means they will publish anything that places their ideas in a favorable light and are generally not objective. They tend to push garbage "science".

Predatory journals are journals and publishing firms that have what is effectively a pay-to-play scheme, where authors are enticed with minimal peer review at relatively high publishing cost. Meaning, any crappy study can/will be published so long as the authors pay the publication cost. There's a list online (Beall's List) of what might be considered predatory.

Now, I will also point out that the authors paying is not what makes this unethical and damaging to science. The vast majority (if not all) scientific publishing is contingent on the authors paying the publication cost and these costs are going to be especially high in open access journals (e.g. PLoS, which is not predatory). These costs are only incurred when the journal agrees to publish after getting positive recommendations from reviewers. Predatory journals forgo the review, and simply publish.

Fraudulent work (i.e., faked data) is likely to be present in any reputable journal, albeit at low frequencies. I say "low" because science is increasingly moving toward an open data model of publication where the raw data sets associated with study must be available publicly, including code used to produce results. While there aren't loads of people reanalyzing published datasets, the possibility that someone might could be enough to deter most people from making shit up.

I wouldn't let the Wakefield example spoil the wealth of good studies that's been published at the Lancet. At this point the only people giving that study any credence are Brain-worms and his ilk. A better bet is to look for retractions issued by the journals. This typically happens in the event of fraud, non reproducibility, fundamental flaws in the study, etc.

Source: I'm an academic scientist and actively publishing.

Tldr: look at Beall's list for predatory journals; don't worry too much about fraud in reputable journals; look for retractions if you're really worried.

Course IDs vary from university to university—when I was an undergrad, lower div classes were <100, upper div between 100 and 199, and grad level classes 200+.