You seem like somebody who might have an answer for me:

A streaming service that I'm using lists the spoken language of the show, and I've often seen Spanish, Espanol, and Castilian listed. What's the difference between Espanol and Castilian - is it like a regional dialect? Also I'm probably misinformed, but I always thought that Espanol was the English word for Spanish, which makes it seem odd that the service would list both Espanol and Spanish separately.

* Walter, this isn't a guy who wrote the Magna Carta, this is a guy...

Spanish is not the preferred nomenclature. Castilian, please.

???

I know there's a divide in that some countries say "Español" and others "Castellano" but I don't think it's a particularly controversial difference.

Yeah. It's not like I can communicate with someone in Cantonese when they only know Mandarin.

If the same script is considered Chinese, might as well put Japanese Kanji inside.

I'd like to point out that the dialect-language-family distinction is really a continuum. As dialects drift apart from each other, there is no point where God comes in and declares a dialect has graduated into its own language. Mutual intelligibility simply decreases continuously.

For instance, Portuguese and Spanish are widely considered to be different languages, although they are partially mutually intelligible, particularly in written form. Cantonese and Mandarin are less so, but still a bit. My uncle-in-law speaks Canto but can still understand my Mandarin (however, he can't respond). I won't deny that there is a political reason to want to refer to the Chinese/中文 languages as a single "language," but the classification is honestly quite arbitrary. My understanding is that linguists generally place the category of "Chinese" somewhere between "language" and "family."

Is Scots a different language than English? I don't think I could understand someone speaking Scots without incredible concentration. (However, it's still considered a "linguistic variety" of middle english.)

Also Angola absent from the Portuguese group

And Switzerland/Belgium being put in eastern Europe lol

Where do you see Bulgaria in the circle?

I think those are old-timey terms that have been retired from academic and popular language. And anyway, Asia Minor means/meant Anatolia—basically modern-day Turkey.

Some of the missing are left out languages. E.g. there are ~200 million speakers of turkic languages, but they only cited Turkish with ~71 million. Amd they didn't include a single Bantu language. There must be more than 300 million Bantu speakers.

It is also kind of weird that they give numbers to the tenth part while using wild estimates. Turkey has 85 million inhabitants and up to 10 million native speakers outside of turkey. There are no official ethnicity numbers from turkey as ethnicity is not registered. Also no one knows how many turkish speakers exactly live outside of turkey. But they give us numbers to the tenth part? The situation will be similar for the other languages.

I don't think this image accounts for second languages (otherwise Hindi would be twice as big), and as I understand it the reason that English is the official languae of Nigeria even as an independent country is so as not to give anyone's first language priority over any other

That's Javanese, as in the island Java.

Japanese is in the top-left.