Anything with Xfce or MATE, such as Mint Xfce or MATE
I've used Debian on an old netbook with an Intel Atom and onyl 2GB RAM. The experience wasn't so bad but web browsing was definitely a pain. Video calling and watching YouTube (Firefox) was very sluggish and annoying to deal with. It's fine for working with documents and watching low resolution videos locally but that's about it.
I've also tried antiX but a lot of the defaults were annoying. If you (or your family members) can deal with it, then it's probably the best lightweight Linux distro out there.
are there any linux distros that might work becasue im a noob who uses windows so im very lost. any tips or suggestions or something would be great.
In this case, I recommend just leaving your family members to do their own thing. From my experience, it is very hard to manage other people's Linux issues if you don't have decent knowledge on it yourself. If they don't want to upgrade, that's their problem. Not yours.
Try mint with Xfce - on 64 bit machines and then go lighter.
alright and are you sure that is the best starter option? also what can i do on linux compared to windows?
best option
Ubuntu is popular and new-user friendly. And xfce is generally lighter on resources. It's a good choice.
What can I do
Almost everything.
Some proprietary apps you've used from windows may not be available, but equivalent ones would be available on linux.
Stuff like browsing the web(provided that you don't open too many tabs, because you have low ram) and watching movies n all is quite good.
What all things fo you intend to do on it? I think it'll be easier to check that the things you want are there.
Think of it as Windows 7 in terms of functionality but with a Windows Vista/XP GUI.
That said, your CPU's performance will increase noticebly on Linux.
There's very little windows can do, which linux can't also. The difference will be in how, and how easily.
Often the answer is just "install the same program, and just use it like normal". Other times, you have to go out of your way to get something running using wine.
For this, bottles is a GUI manager that can make life a lot easier.
Something that uses XFCE is a really good starting point for weak hardware. And mint is a good option for someone new to linux. It is based on ubuntu, and there is plenty of info online on how do things on ubuntu.
It also has good default repos, meaning you'll be able to find and install most software you might need, without having to start fiddling with custom software repos.
Puppy Linux runs on a potato of any architecture and is super user friendly (grandpa certified)! Only 300 MB or so. https://puppylinux-woof-ce.github.io/
I know a lot of people recommended Mint, which I personally use on my very modern budget gaming pc, but you should really try Puppy Linux, it's meant for the exact use case you're describing.
There is Tiny Core Linux if you want something really lightweight.
With 1GB of RAM, you will have trouble running a modern web browser without swapping. I would suggest checking if the RAM can be upgraded. You can get older RAM really cheaply. 4GB of RAM and a cheap SSD will improve performance significantly.
AntiX is quite good on older hardware but beware of the fact they don't use systemd. Nice effort to try and use newer init services but a lot of things really depend on systemd being installed.
WattOS (which uses systemd) is also very performant on old rigs but it needs more tweaking OOTB I'd say.
I'd suggest Linux mint Debian edition, at least for the 32bit machine. Many distros have stopped supporting 32bit lately.
It should be fairly user friendly.
Puppy Linux is made for old machines and generally just works. You can boot it up on a live USB and see what you think. Lots of flavours to choose from.
I have experience with low end devices, since I'm a broke Brazilian (currently using a device with 2gb ram as my daily driver), and these are my suggestions:
You face 2 problems, low end hardware and low tech users, so going deep into very lightweight distros will affect usability. I find mxlinux to be a good middle ground of optimized for low end hardware and easy to use. This step is important, because you don't want people calling you all the time for help
Now, I suggest running the 32bit of mxlinux on all computers with less than 4gb of ram, because it makes a LOT of difference, from a machine unable to browse the internet, to a machine that works nicely. Even if you use the 64 bit version, enabling multi arch and running at least the 32bit browser makes a huge difference.
And another important thing is to use the same distro and gui on all devices, because it helps them and allows them to help each other, instead of calling you all the time. Helps with maintenance too.
those are very low specs for every day distros (meaning usable for the general public), you might get away with linux mint xfce, if it ends up usable on those machine and not lag too much then don't bother with anything else, otherwise you might have to install lighter stuff like antix or lxle. If none of the above are usable you can always install puppy linux, it can run on a toaster but is not very pleasant to use. note that regardless of distro, surfing the web is going to be a chore due to half of the modern internet being heavy as fuck and hard to run, you might want to look for alternative frontend to websites like piped for youtube, urlebird for tiktok etc.
since you're a noob, idk if this will be very helpful to you, but
i used debian with awesomewm on an old pentium 4 from 2004-2005 and it was pretty fast! like a modern low-end computer. but you'd have to configure it to be noob-friendly/have patient users. i don't mind it cuz i enjoy tinkering, but i imagine it could be very frustrating for other people.
i'd give you my awesomewm config (i configured it to be super minimal, but also familiar, as i was trying to create a desktop environment that could be used on older machines), but unfortunately my desktop no longer has a power supply, so i can't access it :')
Browser choice is probably going to make just as much difference as distro choice. Modern browsers kinda need at least 1 GB to be usable, ideally more. Depends what you do with it of course.
Try Pale Moon, Falkon and Konqueror.
Alpine Linux is one to look at.
MX Linux works good on old hardware.
If you're looking for a DE, XFCE might even feel sluggish on older hardware. You can go lighter with LXQt or use the Pixel Desktop that Raspberry Pi OS has (which is modified LXDE).
I would suggest Mint. Considering the hardware, the XFCE version. Have you looked into any hardware upgrades for these machines? I've found that a simple ram or hdd-->ssd upgrade can be rather inexpensive these days.
Strongly Agreed. Linux mint isn't the lightest OS around, but it's a great entry into Linux for a windows user.
It may be worth going on cragislist or Ebay for hardware upgrades - Lots of people are parting out computers of this era while they can still be sold instead of turning into e-waste
There are a lot of distros which are more focused on old hardware than Mint, but Mint definitely wins in the "this distro will be familiar and discoverable to people who are used to Windows" department. If it works, it's great for that reason.
Ya, I think in a case like this, it's best to go with the most user friendly and easy to pick up distro
I, personally, would suggest Debian 12 especially since they still supply 32 bit ISOs. (Also 64 bit, but that's kind of a given at this point)
Since they provide both 64 and 32 bit ISOs and run the same thing, all support issues can be done exactly the same on all the computers since, I assume, there is no dedicated graphics card (Nvidia, AMD) in any of them.
Here's a link to the downloads: https://www.debian.org/distrib/
Download from the "complete installation image" area on the left, second section down.
Edit: If you can use a DVD or USB then use the DVD link, but if they can't then the CD image will also work.
Fully agree on Debian, as long as you're up for a learning curve. In terms of performance it's fine; I've run it on a machine with a 40MHz processor back in the day with no GUI and it worked fine. If your machine can do XFCE then so much the better than that. Just be aware that there's a bit of learning curve - if you're unfamiliar, just expect that there'll be some adjustment period and learning / things not working right while you figure it out stage, and expect to read documentation and have technical challenges involved.
I would also recommend if you do go this route to do small images instead of complete images. "Complete" is for if you expect to have no internet (so have to download everything you might possibly need.) Small is fine in 99% of cases. Installing from the internet is exactly as easy as installing from disk, except that you don't need to find the disk and you don't need to download a big honkin' disk image with 5% of packages you'll use and 95% which you won't ever touch. Debian is big.
I'd like to do something similar on my Pentium 3 box. Maybe Debian with a really light WM would be a good fit, maybe IceWM? It only has 512MB of RAM though so I might have to go even lighter than Debian. I also have an Athlon XP box with 2GB of RAM, but that's too new to be fun. :p
Puppy Linux runs on a potato of any architecture and is super user friendly (grandpa certified)! Only 300 MB or so for the OS and very little RAM use. https://puppylinux-woof-ce.github.io/
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Linux is a family of open source Unix-like operating systems based on the Linux kernel, an operating system kernel first released on September 17, 1991 by Linus Torvalds. Linux is typically packaged in a Linux distribution (or distro for short).
Distributions include the Linux kernel and supporting system software and libraries, many of which are provided by the GNU Project. Many Linux distributions use the word "Linux" in their name, but the Free Software Foundation uses the name GNU/Linux to emphasize the importance of GNU software, causing some controversy.
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