this post was submitted on 24 May 2026
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The Inca civilization flourished in ancient Peru between c. 1400 and 1533 CE. The Inca Empire eventually extended across western South America from Quito in the north to Santiago in the south. It was the largest empire ever seen in the Americas and the largest in the world at that time.

Undaunted by the often harsh Andean environment, the Incas conquered people and exploited landscapes in such diverse settings as plains, mountains, deserts, and tropical jungle. Famed for their unique art and architecture, they constructed finely-built and imposing buildings wherever they conquered, and their spectacular adaptation of natural landscapes with terracing, highways, and mountaintop settlements continues to impress modern visitors at such world-famous sites as Machu Picchu.

History

As with other ancient Americas cultures, the historical origins of the Incas are difficult to disentangle from the founding myths they themselves created. According to legend, in the beginning, the creator god Viracocha came out of the Pacific Ocean, and when he arrived at Lake Titicaca, he created the sun and all ethnic groups. These first people were buried by the god and only later did they emerge from springs and rocks (sacred pacarinas) back into the world. The Incas, specifically, were brought into existence at Tiwanaku (Tiahuanaco) from the sun god Inti; hence, they regarded themselves as the chosen few, the 'Children of the Sun', and the Inca ruler was Inti's representative and embodiment on earth. In another version of the creation myth, the first Incas came from a sacred cave known as Tampu T'oqo or 'The House of Windows', which was located at Pacariqtambo, the 'Inn of Dawn', south of Cuzco. The first pair of humans were Manco Capac (or Manqo Qhapaq) and his sister (also his wife) Mama Oqllu (or Ocllo). Three more brother-sister siblings were born, and the group set off together to found their civilization. Defeating the Chanca people with the help of stone warriors (pururaucas), the first Incas finally settled in the Valley of Cuzco and Manco Capac, throwing a golden rod into the ground, established what would become the Inca capital, Cuzco.

The rise of the Inca Empire was spectacularly quick. First, all speakers of the Inca language Quechua (or Runasimi) were given privileged status, and this noble class then dominated all the important roles within the empire. Thupa Inca Yupanqui (also known as Topa Inca Yupanqui), Pachacuti's successor from 1471 CE, is credited with having expanded the empire by a massive 4,000 km (2,500 miles). The Incas themselves called their empire Tawantinsuyo (or Tahuantinsuyu) meaning 'Land of the Four Quarters' or 'The Four Parts Together'. Cuzco was considered the navel of the world, and radiating out were highways and sacred sighting lines (ceques) to each quarter: Chinchaysuyu (north), Antisuyu (east), Collasuyu (south), and removedisuyu (west). Spreading across ancient Ecuador, Peru, northern Chile, Bolivia, upland Argentina, and southern Colombia and stretching 5,500 km (3,400 miles) north to south, 40,000 Incas governed a huge territory with some 10 million subjects speaking over 30 different languages.

The Inca Empire was founded on, and maintained by, force, and the ruling Incas were very often unpopular with their subjects (especially in the northern territories), a situation that the Spanish conquerors (conquistadores), led by Francisco Pizarro, would take full advantage of in the middle decades of the 16th century CE. The Inca Empire, in fact, had still not reached a stage of consolidated maturity when it faced its greatest challenge. Rebellions were rife, and the Incas were engaged in a war in Ecuador where a second Inca capital had been established at Quito. Even more serious, the Incas were hit by an epidemic of European diseases, such as smallpox, which had spread from central America even faster than the European invaders themselves, and the wave killed a staggering 65-90% of the population. Such a disease killed Wayna Qhapaq in 1528 CE, and two of his sons, Waskar and Atahualpa, battled in a damaging civil war for control of the empire just when the European treasure-hunters arrived. It was this combination of factors - a perfect storm of rebellion, disease, and invasion - which brought the downfall of the mighty Inca Empire, the largest and richest ever seen in the Americas.

The Inca language Quechua lives on today and is still spoken by some eight million people. There are also a good number of buildings, artefacts, and written accounts which have survived the ravages of conquerors, looters, and time. These remains are proportionally few to the vast riches which have been lost, but they remain indisputable witnesses to the wealth, ingenuity, and high cultural achievements of this great but short-lived civilization.

https://www.worldhistory.org/Inca_Civilization/

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[–] thelastaxolotl@hexbear.net 3 points 3 days ago

Link to the 🐼 Hexbear Matrix Chat https://matrix.to/#/#Hexbear:matrix.org wiphala

[–] ClathrateG@hexbear.net 2 points 32 minutes ago

Like a neon racer, speeding down the street
I needs a fuckin' spliff, I'd better be discreet
Skinnin' up on [redacted] bridge, am I out of my mind
I looks in the mirror, the police are behind
Got a pocket full of pills and a glove box full of Mary-jane
I know, I'll lose em in the bus lane
Taxi in the way, I'll never get past
Them fuckin copper cars are well fuckin fast
I've only got a shitty Vauxhall nova
I'll never give up, I'll never pull over
Avoiding eye contact, i weaves in and out
Nearly caused a pile up at the fuckin roundabout
Blue lights are flashing, here we fuckin go
I'm smoking up a spliff and my car stinks of blow
Then he sped past me and drove away
So i drove round slow for the rest of the day

[–] WhyEssEff@hexbear.net 5 points 4 hours ago (1 children)

got notified that the people I've done a few rounds of interviews with are now checking my references meow-bounce

[–] WhyEssEff@hexbear.net 5 points 4 hours ago* (last edited 4 hours ago)

might potentially be the first member of Gen Z to get a full-time job wish me luck chat

[–] WokePalpatine@hexbear.net 4 points 5 hours ago (1 children)

So depressed that the wife is forced to carry me and is feeding me small "bite-sized" triangles of Little Caesers pizza. Which I disagree are bite-sized because my mouth isn't traingle-shaped and she said if I argued with her any more about it she'd drop me.

[–] WokePalpatine@hexbear.net 2 points 5 hours ago

Posting from the floor right now like the Silent Hill 2 soundtrack cover art with Maria.

[–] segfault11@hexbear.net 2 points 4 hours ago (1 children)
[–] ClathrateG@hexbear.net 1 points 30 minutes ago

Cootie-netties yuk containerisation is poopy

[–] wombat@hexbear.net 5 points 6 hours ago

it is may 27 and stalin saved the world from fascism

[–] segfault11@hexbear.net 6 points 6 hours ago

diffie-hellman mayonnaise exchange

[–] LeylaLove@hexbear.net 5 points 7 hours ago

Smh, been waiting for the bus for an hour, two busses just not showing up. I see the busses going the other direction though, so I know this route is still running today

[–] CrispyFern@hexbear.net 3 points 7 hours ago

Instead of saying "I woke up on the wrong side of the bed" I'm now going to say "I just woke up in a FUCKING steamin' mood, yeah?"

[–] Carl@hexbear.net 8 points 9 hours ago (2 children)

got contacted by some zionist group who wanted my opinion on israel today

them:

It's great that you're open to discussing this topic. Israel is a vital ally to the US, sharing democratic values and national security interests. How do you see Israel as one of America's strongest allies?

me:

incorrect Israel is a genocidal apartheid state that is dragged us into a war with Iran Lebanon and multiple other countries for no reason whatsoever the Israeli government needs to be dismantled like the Nazi German government at the end of world war II and Palestine must be returned to a single state that is multi-ethnic multi-religious and Democratic death to Israel and death to all zionists

(i used voice to text so some of those words are wrong but i think i got my point across)

[–] Goblinmancer@hexbear.net 5 points 8 hours ago

Zionists love to present themselves in abstract manners (THE ONLY DEMOCRACY IN MIDDLE EAST) to attempt to obstruct their colonial and genocidal intent. Honestly its pathetic since zionist leaders have openly state they just want to steal land, turn cities into rubble, and do endless war just to keep doing genocide.

[–] Evilphd666@hexbear.net 3 points 6 hours ago* (last edited 6 hours ago) (2 children)

I know this is AI slop but Donkey Kong Country 64 works pretty good as a 1940's lounge album. Something out of Post Modern Jukebox. They should do some gaming mixes.

There's also the 60's lounge treasure that is (not AI) No One Lives Forever. I wish they were still making. Wiki #JazzFlute

[–] lelkins@lemmygrad.ml 1 points 1 minute ago (1 children)

i love louie zong's mario italo disco album

https://inv.nadeko.net/watch?v=KBYvH3myqyg https://youtu.be/KBYvH3myqyg

i put both invidious and regular youtube in case people use libredirect to get vids to open on an external program like freetube

[–] HexReplyBot@hexbear.net 1 points 1 minute ago

I found a YouTube link in your comment. Here are links to the same video on alternative frontends that protect your privacy:

[–] HexReplyBot@hexbear.net 1 points 6 hours ago* (last edited 6 hours ago)

I found a YouTube link in your comment. Here are links to the same video on alternative frontends that protect your privacy:

[–] FumpyAer@hexbear.net 2 points 7 hours ago (1 children)

Adderall comedown is hitting me like a truck today. I feel awful. And yes I did eat, twice.

I'm on a two day streak of writing lyrics/music every day. Lets see how far I can take it? The chorus I wrote today is actually kinda good and I'm trying to only use diatonic chords for a change.

[–] lelkins@lemmygrad.ml 9 points 10 hours ago* (last edited 8 hours ago) (1 children)

morrowind update: rats are kicking my ass

tried getting skyrim mods to run but i can't fucking get the basic thing i need (racemenu; it's for hair colors and other shit since i just wanna make my characters)

so yea. i will try to manage. may john orange do some silly shit in the lands of morrow the wind

edit: found enchanted weaponry (axe from inside stump near lighthouse. can't miss it! also the flying guy's sword). j orange tried to go to sleep since it's one of his favorite things to do, but a weirdo assassin man tried to kill

so he ended up casting jumpscare spell and bashed the assassin in the head with an axe.

better armor acquired. also something smells rotten and it's not the multiple wild rats and large crabs that were killed in self defense

[–] GiorgioBoymoder@hexbear.net 4 points 7 hours ago (1 children)

dark brotherhood assassins were added in the tribunal expansion and kind of break balance for a new character, since the intent is that the player adds the expansion on an existing, relatively mature save. so they'll annoyingly just keep spawning when you sleep until you start the first steps of the Tribunal expansion quest line. in the meantime, they are a source of high value armor so you can get rich at low level.

[–] lelkins@lemmygrad.ml 1 points 52 minutes ago* (last edited 42 minutes ago)

j orange has the scary ability that inflicts fear on all humanoid-type attackers so this would actually be a good level grind method too. didn't think much other than "get as much agility and stealth as possible and a healing spell" and it seemed to do the job. really had a hard time with the rat quest from the fighters guild

idk if you can join multiple guilds so i can be the jack of all trades. also need to change my character's name, i made up "john orange" after i freed the slaves

thank you

[–] ClathrateG@hexbear.net 9 points 10 hours ago (1 children)
[–] Dort_Owl@hexbear.net 2 points 3 hours ago

"I am very cognitive!"

[–] CrispyFern@hexbear.net 2 points 7 hours ago

Move to Wisconsin

[–] ClathrateG@hexbear.net 7 points 10 hours ago (1 children)

Finally found a version of the Soviet LotR with English subtitles

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tS6RZg_AqaY

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[–] miz@hexbear.net 6 points 10 hours ago

so beyond ready for Isn'trael to become Wasn'trael

[–] LeeeroooyJeeenkiiins@hexbear.net 5 points 11 hours ago (1 children)

how do you find a lawyer to ask questions like "hey my partner's job is fucking her out of her position in a way i think is highly illegal but we live in a country that crushes workers to death to fuel itself so basically I'm wondering 1) is there a path to legal recourse and 2) would it be worth pursuing relative to cost/difficulty" because I really do not know how to shop around for professional services like that and basically the first two I looked at I can either do a length intake form which mentions at the bottom that their general consulting fee is $600 (I assume that means if they take the case?? because 600 just for a consultation would be absurd???) or call and I'm a weirdo who has extreme difficulty mustering up the ability to call people for conversations and the other I actually went through their intake bullshit and then it was like "ok cool give us $5 to talk" like great it was just a scam hahahahahhahahaa (and now that puts into my mind a similar situation of me doing the intake form for the first place and then haha woops they want money or some bullshit)

[–] moh@hexbear.net 4 points 10 hours ago* (last edited 10 hours ago) (1 children)

idk the best way to find free legal consults but when it comes to wrongful termination definitely check w your local department of labor as they may have resources or referrals for this (although ymmv)

[–] LeeeroooyJeeenkiiins@hexbear.net 2 points 9 hours ago (1 children)
[–] Le_Wokisme@hexbear.net 1 points 2 hours ago

state's bar association might have info, they have some interest in connecting clients to attorneys.

lol so my partner found out this other woman on her team who she hates because she sucks at her job is somehow allowed to work from a "remote office location" 2 days a week because it's more convenient for her, despite this return to office bullshit (for jobs that were, again, never in an office) so it's like why the fuck can't she just go to a store location and use their computer or whatever, why can't she just keep doing her fucking job from home

[–] Wisp@hexbear.net 3 points 11 hours ago (1 children)

First No Man’s Sky expedition. Is it better to do it on a new save or my main? I’m seeing conflicting advice

[–] someone@hexbear.net 1 points 9 hours ago (1 children)

I've always liked to do it on a new save, that way if I get frustrated and need to relax a bit I can switch to my regular game.

[–] Wisp@hexbear.net 1 points 9 hours ago (1 children)

Is there anything I’d be missing if I did it in a new save? I saw some say that there’s stuff you can bring back to your save when you’re finished but maybe not worth it?

[–] someone@hexbear.net 5 points 8 hours ago

The expeditions are very well-planned by the devs. You'll get all the resources and tech you need to complete it without having to rely on an existing save. If you find yourself running into a challenge you just can't get past, it's probably because there's a better approach to the challenge. I've never felt that any expedition has been unfairly challenging even when starting from scratch.

All the unlockable rewards and tech carry over into all existing and future saves, it's all linked to your player account. You can collect them at the Anomaly where you get the other unlockables paid in quicksilver. You are guaranteed to not miss a single thing.

They're also extremely generous with the time limit. No expedition will ever require weeks of normal-person-schedule playtime that they allot. If you're comfortable with the basic game mechanics already then most expeditions are 3-4 casual evening affairs at most, or maybe one or two marathon evening session. The devs really understand that players have lives and responsibilities outside of gaming.

reading this article about a black and decker multicooker with a risotto stirrer and it's like fuck you pal I didn't google a risotto stirring multicooker just because I'm lazy, I googled it because I like risotto but stirring it all the time hurts my fuckin' shoulder

[–] Arahnya@hexbear.net 4 points 12 hours ago (1 children)

making myself play guitar when I start tapping my foot repetatively feels like the equivalent of "if you're leaning you're cleaning!!" except i'm doing it for myself 😁 harnessing the raw power of stim.

[–] someone@hexbear.net 1 points 9 hours ago

My brother's fond of saying "if you're bored, clean". Not even big deep cleans, just little things like dusting a bookshelf. It all adds up.

[–] Hohsia@hexbear.net 4 points 12 hours ago

Terrific! Taylor Lorenz just taught me how a lot of these AI safety orgs are taking billions from open ai and Anthropic!

Idk why I’m surprised, but it feels extra disheartening to learn that the average person is bound to dogpile on you for pointing something like this out. How are we in this spot, all the answers are right in front of us and most require simply asking questions about who funds who

[–] StillNoLeftLeft@hexbear.net 5 points 13 hours ago

Weird, went looking for hiking spots where you can camp overnight and going into the (to my understanding) government website that has all these listed in my country drops the VPN on my android phone. Tried to browse the website three times, the VPN dropped every time.

Wish I was even a little techie because seems sus, why does it do that? How can it do that? What is it that does that?

[–] Moss@hexbear.net 5 points 13 hours ago

Last night I dreamt that I was eating fast food with a native American and I started every sentence with a land acknowledgement just to be annoying. What the fuck was that. I've never even met a native American what's going on in my brain

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